Ottoman Empire

Origins and formation

The Ottoman Empire spanned much of southeastern Europe, West Asia, and North Africa from the 14th century to the early 20th century, centered in what is now Turkey. It also held parts of southeastern Central Europe between the early 16th and early 18th centuries. The state emerged from a beylik founded in northwestern Anatolia about 1299 by the Turkoman leader Osman I. His successors took much of Anatolia and expanded into the Balkans by the mid-14th century. Mehmed II ended the Byzantine Empire by taking Constantinople in 1453. A sultan who accedes in 1520 inherits that capital. He does not found the beylik.¹

Defining periods

Suleiman I, commonly Suleiman the Magnificent, lived from 6 November 1494 to 6 September 1566 and was sultan from 1520 to 1566. The lead calls it the longest reign among Ottoman sultans and a peak of economic, military, and political power, with at least 25 million subjects. He succeeded his father Selim I on 30 September 1520. Belgrade fell in 1521, Rhodes in 1522, and at Mohacs in 1526 he broke the Kingdom of Hungary. The siege of Vienna in 1529 stopped a further advance into Europe. The published Civilization VII essay is the same empire across a longer span, including about 1299, 1453, and a nineteenth century this reign does not reach.^{1 2}

Leaders

The Leader Pass Great Commanders Pack names Suleiman the Magnificent of the Ottoman Empire and says he requires Gathering Storm. The Chinese pack page calls him the tenth sultan, says he led armies and reformed the law, and says he was a poet and a patron during a cultural golden age. The update notes, in English and Chinese, mention an Ottoman leader by another form of that Magnificent persona when they report a broken agenda. This essay records both official forms and does not treat them as two men. The retrieved pages do not print a separate name for the earlier portrait. The Chinese essay uses the standard reading for that earlier name and says it was not copied from a heading. The civilization’s own pack stays unconfirmed. A persona that requires Gathering Storm is a sales rule. It is not, by itself, the sentence that adds the civilization.^{3 4 5 6 7}

The commanders page also names an ability tied to golden ages. This essay does not copy the percentages. A golden-age bonus is not the accession of 30 September 1520.⁵

Legacy and interpretation

The empire’s legacy in the lead is a state from a 1299 beylik to the early 20th century. Suleiman’s legacy is the long reign, the campaigns of the 1520s, and the failed siege of 1529. The Civ7 essay carries the later centuries and the guide’s republic. This page uses him as the face the official pages name, without folding 1453 into 1520.^{1 2}

A closer look

The update notes head a balance block for this civilization and change a vizier title and a strategic-resource bias. They are balance numbers. This essay does not copy them. A governor title is not the fall of Belgrade.^{6 7}

In Civilization VI

The civilization’s pack stays unconfirmed. The Magnificent persona is Leader Pass and requires Gathering Storm. The published Civilization VII essay is the longer counterpart. Keep about 1299, 1453, the accession on 30 September 1520, Mohacs in 1526, Vienna in 1529, and the death on 6 September 1566 apart.^{1 2 3 5}